Turkey vowed to eradicate the relevant forces of the religious leader fethula Gulen, who is considered to be associated with the attempted coup, and expanded the scope of the purge from the military, police and judicial departments to schools, intelligence agencies and religious authorities on the 19th. So why did Turkey clean up? What's going on in Turkey? Let me bring you the reasons for the expansion of cleaning in Turkey. Welcome to read.
After the coup in Turkey, 15000 education employees were suspended!
Turkish soldiers launched a military coup on the evening of July 15 local time. After a night of shock, the Turkish government announced that the situation was "completely under control". The military coup launched by some military personnel failed.
Although Turkey has always had a tradition of military coups, and the domestic political situation in Turkey has continued to deteriorate since 2013, and there are rumors that a coup may occur, this coup is still more sudden than expected. After all, the military has not directly resorted to force to subvert the civilian government for more than 30 years. It is conceivable that the military will be purged after the coup and further clamped down by Erdogan's government. At the same time, the military's status as a supervisor will be further weakened.
The army has always played a vital role in the history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey. It is also one of the most important dimensions to observe and understand Turkey's political culture. Historically, the relationship between the Turkish army and the civilian government is an important dimension to interpret this event.
On the evening of July 15, 2016 local time, Turkish soldiers launched a military coup.
Supervisor: the establishment of the status of the Turkish army
Since the 18th century, the Ottoman Empire has been defeated in front of the strong ships and guns in the West. Therefore, the Ottoman royal family naturally regards military modernization as a necessary means to enhance national strength, and carries out military reform, forms a new army, establishes a new military academy and so on. The original purpose of the Ottoman royal family was to build a new army that was absolutely obedient to the central authority, but the army educated in the West fell into the vortex of political ideas:
In the kuleli incident in 1859, the army tried to depose Sultan Abdullah mejid, highlighting the tension between the army and the civilian government; In the constitutional revolution of 1876, some soldiers believed that it was necessary to restrict the authority of Sudan and played an important role in this revolution; In 1908, the "Young Turks" composed of a group of modern educated officers and technocrats launched the second constitutional revolution and suppressed the counter offensive of some conservative religious groups in 1909; From 1908 to 1918, the army formed a close alliance with the ruling "Committee for unity and progress", but failed miserably in the Balkan War and World War I. Then, it was under Kemal's leadership that Turkey was reborn from the ruins of the Empire.
"Father of Turkey" Kemal
In 1923, the Republic of Turkey was established. After successfully establishing the capital, establishing the Republic and banning the Caliph, Kemal encountered greater challenges than ever between 1925 and 1926, both hindered by legitimate opposition parties such as the progressive Republican Party and local rebellions such as said Sheikh. Kemal successfully attacked the opposition forces and firmly controlled the political power in his own hands. Then he began to carry out a large-scale reform plan, committed to building a new state machine and realizing the transformation of society to "contemporary civilization". Kemal relied on reformist forces including the Republican people's party, the army, bureaucrats and intellectuals.
However, the military plays an important role in the Kemal group. As a supporter of secularization reform, the military is the only reliable force of Kemal. In addition, Kemal was once a soldier, so he regarded himself as the natural leader of the army. In February 1931, Kemal gave the army a sacred mission: "whenever the Turkish nation wants to take a step forward, the army is always the force to rely on and the leader to realize the noble national idea... The Turkish nation believes that the army is the defender of the national idea". In 1935, Article 34 of the internal service law of the Turkish army stipulates: "the duty of the army is to protect and defend the Turkish homeland and the Turkish Republic stipulated by the constitution." Even after Kemal's death in 1938, fawoods chakmark (in office from 1922 to 1944), as chief of the general staff, chose to remain loyal to Kemal's successor, ismet Inonu. It can be said that from 1923 to 1950, the Kemalist firmly controlled the army, which also made the possibility of military coup extremely small and unnecessary. At the same time, the main task of the army is to suppress the opposition forces and live in harmony with the civilian government led by the Republican people's party, and its status as a supervisor is only symbolic.
On the next page, there are more highlights of the great cleaning after the coup in Turkey