A low player efficiency rating in hockey can be influenced by various factors such as turnovers, missed assignments, lack of goal production or assists, frequent penalties, poor face-off performance, errant passes, difficulty in moving the puck up the ice, endurance, recovery, poor decision making, lack of confidence, health status, line matchups, team system, role changes, and flexibility. Improving in any of these areas could potentially lead to an increased PER and a more well-rounded contribution to the team's success.

Factors Contributing to a Low Player Efficiency Rating in Hockey
In hockey, the player efficiency rating (PER) is a metric used to evaluate a player's overall performance on the ice. A low PER can be influenced by various factors, including:
1. Defensive Play
- Turnovers: Frequent turnovers of the puck can lead to scoring opportunities for the opposing team and decrease a player's PER.
- Missed Assignments: Failing to cover assigned areas or players can result in goals against and negatively impact the PER.
2. Offensive Contribution
- Scoring: A lack of goal production or assists will lower a player's PER, as offense is a significant factor in this rating.
- Possession: Inability to maintain possession or contribute positively to team possession statistics can also reduce PER.
3. Penalties and Discipline
- Frequent Penalties: Taking too many penalties not only reduces time on the ice but also gives the opposition power play opportunities, which can harm a player's PER.
- Unsportsmanlike Conduct: Negative behavior that results in game misconducts or suspensions can severely affect a player's PER.
4. Face-off Performance
- Winning Percentage: Players who struggle in face-offs may see their PER decrease, as winning face-offs can directly lead to offensive chances or defensive stops.
5. Puck Management
- Passing Accuracy: Players who make frequent errant passes may see their PER suffer due to decreased offensive efficiency.
- Breakout Play: Difficulty in moving the puck up the ice effectively can lead to more turnovers and less time in the offensive zone, affecting PER.
6. Fitness and Stamina
- Endurance: Players who tire easily may make more mistakes as games progress, leading to a lower PER.
- Recovery: Slow recovery after shifts can result in missed opportunities and increased vulnerability on defense.
7. Mental Game
- Decision Making: Poor decision-making on the ice can lead to inefficient play and lowered PER.
- Confidence: A lack of confidence can affect a player's aggressiveness in all aspects of the game, potentially reducing their PER.
8. Injury and Health
- Health Status: Being injured or not fully healthy can limit a player's ability to perform at their best, thereby lowering their PER.
9. Team Context
- Line Matchups: Facing tougher competition because of line matchups can make it harder for a player to achieve a high PER.
- Team System: If a player is not well-suited to their team's system or strategy, their individual performance metrics like PER could suffer.
10. Adaptability and Versatility
- Role Changes: Players who struggle to adapt to changing roles or positions may experience a drop in PER.
- Flexibility: A lack of versatility in playing different styles or adapting to game situations can also affect a player's PER negatively.
In conclusion, a player's efficiency rating in hockey is a complex measure that takes into account multiple facets of their game. Improving in any of these areas could potentially lead to an increased PER and a more well-rounded contribution to the team's success.