Whether in the Mid Tang Dynasty, when the new Yuefu movement rose, or in the Song Dynasty, when Du Xue was the most prosperous, Du Fu's position in the eyes of scholars was always supreme. It is generally believed that his poetry has really played a role in criticizing the shortcomings of the times, reflecting the suffering of the common people, and expressing the Confucian spirit of benevolence and sense of hardship. It is a well deserved "history of poetry".
Why are Du Fu's poems called "history of poetry"
Du Fu left more than 1500 poems, of which "three officials" and "three departures" are the most representative. It not only truly reflects the history of people's livelihood during the an Shi rebellion, but also places infinite sympathy for the fate of the laboring people. However, those poems are relatively long. You may have recited them. Now it's difficult to remember the whole poem. Nevertheless, Du Fu also has a song "every year of Li Gui in the south of the Yangtze River". You can certainly recite it backwards:
"It's common to see it in king Qi's house. Cui jiutang heard it several times before. It's the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. I meet you again in the falling flower season."
This poem is not complicated, without magical imagination and gorgeous words, but it has been highly praised by later generations for its amazing charm. It is considered to be the most romantic and meaningful one of Du Fu's poems.
The first two sentences recall the author's acquaintance with Li guinian. "It is common to see it in king Qi's house and heard it several times before Cui jiutang". It will be that Du Fu once appreciated Li guinian's piano art at the home of king Qi Li longfan and Chinese Book supervisor Cui Di many times on the heyday of Kaiyuan that year.
Li guinian is a famous musician, while the young Du Fu is famous for his talent. They are often called dignitaries and dignitaries. This careless remark seems to be nothing more than gossip, but it actually contains a wealth of information.
First of all, Du Fu explained that he and Li guinian were both talented people, and even high hopes were placed by the dignitaries of the imperial court. However, we know that Du Fu's later life was quite unhappy. The more brilliant he was, the more helpless he was in life.
Secondly, this sentence is also the poet's nostalgia for the style of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. After the an Shi rebellion, the people had no livelihood, no fixed place to live, and thieves were everywhere. If we have always had a peaceful and prosperous age, people may not cherish it, but what a heavy blow to the people of the Tang Dynasty, including Du Fu, who once had a peaceful and prosperous age, suddenly lost it and never returned?
The last two sentences are followed by the meaning of expressing the complex mood of meeting old friends here. "It is the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River that meets you again in the falling flower season". On the surface, it seems to be chatting, but it reveals Du Fu's contradictory psychology.
On the one hand, after the an Shi rebellion, friends may be separated or separated, and life and death are unknown. Now I can see my former friends. I'm very lucky and filled with emotion. However, on the other hand, Li guinian and Du Fu were young men in those days, but now things have changed. One of them failed for a long time and the other was not appreciated. They almost became a pair of brothers and sisters.
Therefore, in the last two sentences, Du Fu used the two function words "Zhengshi" and "you", which made the readers' mood change with the author's setting. The seemingly ordinary description makes people go through the whole process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. It is very picturesque. We can see that an old poet and an old musician are pointing fingers at each other and telling each other about the glory of the country and individual in that year.
Why are Du Fu's poems called "history of poetry"
This poem has received high historical evaluation. For example, Yang lunjiu of the Qing Dynasty once said in Du Shi Jingquan: Seven Wonders of beauty, which is the roll pressing. In fact, it reminds us of Bai Juyi's song of eternal regret. "Song of eternal regret" is a great masterpiece. It takes the story of Li Longji and Yang Yuhuan as the main line and shows the history before and after the an Shi rebellion.
However, "song of everlasting regret" is very long. Although famous sentences continue, it gives people less impact and imagination than this song "every year of Li Gui in the south of the Yangtze River". Although it has only 28 words, it has also achieved the same effect as the song of eternal regret. It tells all the joys and sorrows of the world and has been widely sung for thousands of years.