Girls begin to have menstruation (big aunt) during puberty. At the same time, a series of physiological changes have taken place in the body, as well as many psychological changes. Girls are very nervous at menarche, shy and afraid of bleeding. Even adult women will have headache, fatigue, breast swelling, swelling, emotional irritability and other manifestations before menstruation, and even some mental symptoms. These symptoms disappear after menstruation. This series of manifestations is called "premenstrual tension syndrome". According to statistics, about 25% of women of menstrual age will develop this syndrome.
Generally, symptoms begin to appear 7-14 days before menstruation, mainly in the following aspects:
(1) Nervous, easily excited, often angry or sad without reason, fear, loneliness, depression and sleepiness, and even persecution or suicidal delusion; Diffuse headache or migraine, occasional asthma or seizure; Decreased ability to work and study.
(2) Breast pain and tenderness, as well as abdominal distension, abdominal pain, bowel sounds, nausea, and sometimes vomiting and diarrhea.
(3) Oliguria and edema.
(4) There is backache, fatigue and cold.
(5) Some people are also thirsty, drink more, greedy, prone to hypoglycemia.
The cause of "premenstrual tension syndrome" is not very clear at present. It is generally believed that the fear of bleeding and psychosocial effects can lead to the imbalance of excitement and inhibition in the cerebral cortex, and then lead to the dysfunction of hypothalamic subcortical center and autonomic nerve. This is definitely a neurological cause. The imbalance of sex hormone secretion in premenstrual period, and the secretion of estradiol exceeds that of progesterone - is a certain endocrine reason.
The diagnosis of this disease is not difficult according to the clinical symptoms, vaginal cell smear and the determination of estradiol and progesterone in urine. But we should pay attention to distinguish it from organic diseases such as ovarian tumor, granulosa cell tumor and oocytoma. In other words, people with this syndrome must ask a doctor for examination in time, and do not hide from the doctor. Patients should work and rest properly under the guidance of doctors; Strengthen nutrition and limit salt intake; Use sedatives (or stimulants), analgesics and diuretics for symptomatic treatment.
When the above methods are ineffective, sex hormone therapy can be used, and progesterone, testosterone or chorionic gonadotropin can be used as appropriate. Because psychological factors affect the occurrence and course of the disease, special attention should be paid to psychotherapy. To make patients understand the common sense of menstrual law, so as to eliminate tension and achieve social and psychological balance. This is also crucial.