The victory of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army in the long march is a miracle in human history. How much do you know about the Red Army's Long March? The following is the reason why the red army wants the 25000 mile long march. You are welcome to read, share and learn from it. I hope it will be helpful to you.
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The origin of the Red Army's Long March
Reasons for the Red Army's Long March
The significance of the Red Army's Long March
The origin of the Red Army's Long March
The statistics and formulation of the mileage of the red front army's Long March have a development process. In May 1935, the notice of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army issued by the Central Revolutionary Military Commission in the name of Zhu De pointed out: "the Red Army has made a long march of thousands of miles, and its direction is like breaking bamboo. Now it has come to Western Sichuan and respects the customs of the Yi people." For the first time, the Central Military Commission of the people's Republic of China proposed the "Long March of the Red Army". On August 5, 1935, the Shawo meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee adopted the "resolution of the CPC Central Committee on the political situation and tasks after the convergence of the first and fourth front armies", which said: "the 18000 mile long march of the first front army is an unprecedented great cause in Chinese history." Xiao Feng, who was then the director of the inspection group of the Political Department of the L division of the first corps of the red front army, said in his diary of the long march on July 31: "the first front army has set out from the Central Soviet Area for nearly 10 months, and the calculated journey is about 18000 miles." According to the above description, the journey of the red front army from the Central Soviet area to Shawo near Maoergai is about 18000 miles. On September 12, 1935, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held an enlarged meeting in the Russian community (Gaoji) of Diebu County, Gansu Province. The "Central Committee's wrong decision on Comrade Zhang Guotao" made at the meeting criticized Zhang Guotao for "underestimating the victory of the Central Red Army in the struggle against the enemy's five 'encirclement and suppression' and the long march of more than 20000 miles after the siege". The "Long March of more than 20000 Li" mentioned here is the mileage from the long march of the first front army to the Russian border, which is more than 2000 Li more than that to Maoergai. Later, in "qingpingle? Liupanshan", the poem "bend your fingers and travel 20000" was obviously based on this figure. After the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China led the Red Army Shaanxi Gansu detachment in the long march to northern Shaanxi, it said in a report made at the Political Bureau meeting of Wuqi town on October 22 that the Shaanxi Gansu detachment has traveled 2000 miles from the Russian border. According to the "more than 20000 Li" mentioned in the decision of the Russian community meeting, plus the 2000 Li from the Russian community to Wuqi Town, the journey of the long march of the first front army of the Red Army to northern Shaanxi should be about 22000 Li.
After the long march of the red front army arrived in Northern Shaanxi, the Central Committee called on comrades participating in the long march to write memoirs and organized some comrades to count the mileage of the long march. The result of the statistics is that the troops who have gone about 5000 miles have gone the furthest. On November 5, in his speech to the accompanying troops, he said: "according to the statistics of the first corps, the most traveled 25000 miles, which is indeed an expedition, a real and unprecedented long march!"
On November 13, the declaration of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the annexation of North China by Japanese imperialism and the betrayal of North China by Chiang Kai Shek for the first time said that the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army "crossed the Chinese territory of 11 provinces after a long march of 25000 Li. With the spirit of hard struggle and perseverance for more than a year, it finally arrived in Northwest China and joined the Red Army in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces".
On November 28, the CPC Central Committee further pointed out in the Declaration on resisting Japan and saving the country: "the central government of the Chinese Soviet Republic and the Revolutionary Military Commission of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army have constantly awakened the people of the whole country to unite to fight against Japan. They have sent their own main force of the Red Army to go north to resist Japan after a long march of 25000 miles."
Since then, the CPC Central Committee has referred to the long march of the red front army as the "25000 mile long march" in its foreign declaration and the speech of party leaders. Although the number of miles in the long march of each unit of the red front army is different, people are used to calling the red front army 25000 miles according to the "farthest unit".
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Reasons for the Red Army's Long March
The vigorous development of the revolutionary base areas and the continuous growth of the Red Army frightened the Kuomintang. In October 1930, Chiang Kai Shek mobilized heavy troops to launch a large-scale military "encirclement and suppression" against the Red Army in various revolutionary base areas. From then on, the red army began to enter a new stage of large-scale anti "encirclement and suppression" war. The central revolutionary base and the Central Red Army were the focus of Chiang Kai Shek's counter revolutionary military "encirclement and suppression". From October 1930 to the autumn of 1931, under the leadership of Zhu De, the Red Army in the central base area smashed Chiang Kai Shek's three "encirclement and suppression". Later, under the leadership of Zhou Enlai and Zhu De, the Central Red Army smashed Chiang Kai Shek's fourth counter revolutionary "encirclement and suppression".
In September 1933, Chiang Kai Shek used 500000 troops to directly attack the central base areas and the red front army, and launched the fifth "encirclement and suppression" of the Central Red Army. Bogu, who did not understand the laws of the Chinese revolutionary war, and Li De, a military adviser, controlled the military command and abandoned the Red Army's strategy of active defense and the principle of mobile warfare. At the beginning of the fifth counter campaign against "encirclement and suppression", Bogu and Li De put forward the slogan of "keeping the enemy out of the country" and "not losing an inch of land", and ordered the Red Army to attack the enemy's solid positions across the board. After the attack was thwarted, they turned to conservatism in defense, advocating "division of forces", fortification everywhere, constant resistance, positional warfare with the enemy and consumption. As a result, the red army fought for a year with heavy casualties. Instead of fighting back the enemy's "encirclement and suppression", it plunged itself into an extremely dangerous situation.
Due to Wang Ming's wrong military strategy of "left" dogmatism (adventurism), in October 1934, the red army suffered a serious failure in its fifth counter "encirclement and suppression", and the Central Red Army was forced to carry out the long march.
The long march of the Red Army is an unprecedented feat in world history. Under extremely difficult conditions, the Red Army adhered to the belief that revolution must live. With amazing wisdom and perseverance, it broke through the encirclement, pursuit and interception of millions of heavy soldiers before and after the Kuomintang, climbed snow mountains, crossed the grassland, endured the torture of hunger, cold and pain, and turned the revolution from crisis to safety and from frustration to victory. During the Long March, the seeds of revolution were sown everywhere. Under the direct leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the main force of the red front army successfully completed the long march of 25000 Li across 11 provinces from October 1934 to October 1935, and finally ended with the victory of the Communist Party of China and the Red Army and the defeat of the enemy.
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The significance of the Red Army's Long March
1. Through the long march of the Red Army, Mao Zedong's leading position in the party and the guiding position of Mao Zedong's military thought and political thought were established.
2. The victory of the Red Army's Long March realized our party's general policy of going north to resist Japan.
3. The victory of the Red Army's long march is a victory of the CPC's line and principles in line with China's national conditions.
4. The victory of the Red Army's Long March smashed Chiang Kai Shek's attempt to stifle the Chinese revolution and turned the Chinese revolution from crisis to safety.
5. The victory of the Red Army's Long March gave the Communist Party of China a solid revolutionary base and a solid rear in the war of resistance against Japan and the war of liberation.
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