Whether boys or girls, many will suffer from anemia, often feel powerless, and even faint when it is serious. Today I will share with you the causes of anemia for your reference only!
(I) erythropoietic anemia:
The abnormalities of hematopoietic cells, bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment and hematopoietic raw materials affect erythropoiesis and can form erythropoiesis reducing anemia.
1. Anemia caused by abnormal hematopoietic stem progenitor cells
(1) aplastic anemia (AA): AA is a kind of bone marrow hematopoietic failure, which is related to the damage of primary and secondary hematopoietic stem progenitor cells. The pathogenesis of some pancytopenia is related to the production of autoantibodies against bone marrow cells by B cells, which destroys or inhibits bone marrow hematopoietic cells.
(2) pure red cell aplastic anemia (PRCA): PRCA refers to the damage of bone marrow erythroid hematopoietic stem progenitor cells, which leads to anemia. According to the etiology, the disease can be divided into congenital and acquired. Congenital PRCA, namely diamond Blackfan syndrome, is caused by heredity; Acquired PRCA includes primary and secondary. Some scholars have found that some patients with primary PRCA have autoepo or juvenile erythrocyte antibodies in their sera. Secondary PRCA mainly includes drug-related type, infection related type (bacteria and viruses, such as parvovirus B19, hepatitis virus, etc.), autoimmune disease-related type, lymphoproliferative disease-related type (such as thymoma, lymphoma, plasma cell disease and lymphocytic leukemia), and acute aplastic crisis.
(3) congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA): CDA is a kind of refractory anemia caused by benign clonal abnormalities of hereditary erythroid stem progenitor cells and characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and morphological abnormalities of erythroid. According to the mode of inheritance, the disease can be divided into autosomal recessive genotype and dominant genotype.
(4) malignant clonal diseases of hematopoietic system: these diseases have qualitative abnormalities of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells, including myelodysplastic syndrome and various hematopoietic tumor diseases such as leukemia. The former has hemolysis in situ because of pathological hematopoiesis, high proliferation and high apoptosis; The latter has tumor proliferation, low apoptosis and low differentiation, and the hematopoietic regulation is also affected, resulting in the reduction of normal mature red blood cells and anemia.
2. Anemia caused by abnormal hematopoietic microenvironment. Hematopoietic microenvironment includes bone marrow stroma, stromal cells and cytokines.
(1) anemia caused by damage of bone marrow stromal and stromal cells: bone marrow necrosis, bone marrow fibrosis, bone marrow sclerosis, marble disease, bone marrow metastasis of various extramedullary tumor diseases and various infectious or non infectious osteomyelitis can affect blood cell production due to damage of bone marrow stromal and stromal cells and abnormal hematopoietic microenvironment.
(2) anemia caused by abnormal levels of hematopoietic regulatory factors: stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin (IL), granulocyte monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), erythropoietin (EPO), thrombopoietin (TPO), platelet growth factor (TGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon (IFN) all have positive and negative hematopoietic regulation. Insufficient EPO occurs in cases of renal insufficiency, liver disease and hypophysis or hypothyroidism; Tumor diseases or some virus infections can induce the body to produce more hematopoietic negative regulatory factors, such as TNF, IFN, inflammatory factors, which can lead to chronic anemia (ACD).
3. Anemia caused by insufficient or utilization of hematopoietic raw materials. Hematopoietic raw materials refer to substances necessary for hematopoietic cell proliferation, differentiation and metabolism, such as protein, lipids, vitamins (folic acid, vitamin B12, etc.), trace elements (iron, copper, zinc, etc.). The shortage or utilization obstacle of any hematopoietic raw material may lead to the reduction of erythropoiesis.
(1) anemia caused by folic acid or vitamin B12 deficiency or utilization disorder: megaloblastic anemia caused by absolute or relative deficiency or utilization disorder of folic acid or vitamin B12 due to various physiological or pathological factors.
(2) iron deficiency and iron use disorder anemia: This is the most common anemia in clinic. Iron deficiency and iron utilization disorder affect heme synthesis. Some people call this kind of anemia heme synthesis abnormal anemia. The red blood cell morphology of this kind of anemia becomes smaller and the central light staining area expands. It belongs to small cell low pigment anemia.
(II) hemolytic anemia (HA), that is, anemia with excessive destruction of red blood cells.
(III) hemorrhagic anemia:
According to the blood loss rate, it can be divided into acute and chronic. Chronic hemorrhagic anemia is often combined with iron deficiency anemia. It can be divided into two categories: caused by hemorrhagic diseases (such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, hemophilia and severe liver disease) and non hemorrhagic diseases (such as trauma, tumor, tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, peptic ulcer, hemorrhoids and gynecological diseases).
1. Red jujube + medlar
Red jujube and medlar are the most common blood tonic products. When you come to a small dish of red jujube in your daily office or leisure at home, medlar is the best pastime. At the same time, it has a good effect of nourishing blood and Qi for long-term use.
For qualified friends, it is recommended to boil some red dates and medlar soup every day, add a little brown sugar and drink it. It also has a lot of good results.
At work, it's also a very simple way to directly brew with boiling water... Replenishing blood starts from daily..
2. Black fungus
It can nourish blood and maintain beauty, leaving skin ruddy and radiant. It can also prevent and treat iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, cold black fungus, fried black fungus and black fungus soup are good blood tonic products, but some friends are picky and don't like black fungus. Therefore, it is suggested that we should get rid of the problem of picky eating and slowly accept this nutritious food.
3. Pig liver
For MM & GG with anemia, it is recommended to eat some pig liver for a long time. Pig liver has a good effect in blood tonic, which can be comparable to the above several kinds. However, many people worry that the cooking method of pig liver is too single. In fact, there are many methods, such as making pig liver porridge, pig liver soup and frying pig liver with scallion, which are also good choices.
I. iron supplement food is the most important
Iron deficiency is the root cause of iron deficiency anemia, and iron supplementation is the primary work to improve iron deficiency anemia. The iron element in food can be divided into heme iron and non heme iron. The absorption rate of the former is significantly higher than that of the latter. Heme iron mostly exists in animal foods such as red meat, animal liver, animal blood, black chicken and eel. The diet of patients with iron deficiency anemia should be dominated by these foods.
The absorption rate of dietary iron supplement varies from person to person, generally about 10%. If iron deficiency anemia is serious, you can take tihengjian brand tiezhiyuan tablets and other safe and efficient iron supplements to improve iron supplement quickly.
II. Vitamin C promotes absorption
The iron element in food needs to be transformed and absorbed by the human body before it can be used by the human body. Vitamin C in fruits and vegetables helps the human body absorb iron. Patients with iron deficiency anemia should also eat an appropriate amount of fresh fruits and vegetables while replenishing iron, so as to maximize the effect of food iron supplement.
Carrots, tomatoes, green vegetables, strawberries, fresh dates, kiwifruit, oranges, oranges and other fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin C, just eat it often.
III. match with traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying qi and blood
Donkey hide gelatin, yam, Angelica sinensis, radix rehmanniae, Radix Polygoni multiflori and Radix Paeoniae Alba are famous traditional Chinese medicines for supplementing qi and blood. They have the effects of Supplementing Qi and blood, regulating blood deficiency, nourishing blood and activating blood circulation. Eating them together with iron supplement food has the best effect on improving iron deficiency anemia. These traditional Chinese medicine belong to warm food. The heat is very heavy. You can't eat more. Just an appropriate amount.
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