The man-made cause of forest fire is the biggest factor. Secondly, long-term dry weather may also lead to the continuous rise of ground temperature, and forest substances are easy to cause spontaneous combustion. And lightning can also lead to fire. Now let me introduce the main causes of forest fire to you. I hope I can help you.
Causes of forest fire
1. Insufficient awareness of fire prevention: with the adjustment of industrial structure, economic revitalization and the increase of public vacation days in the forest area, a large number of people enter the forest area for construction, mining and other production activities and tourism, while some people have weak awareness of fire prevention and lack of fire fighting knowledge, resulting in forest fires.
2. Weak supervision and loopholes in fire prevention: some places do not really take forest fire prevention as a major event. In particular, in some key forest fire prevention counties, the arrangement and deployment is only to cope with the inspection of the superior, implement the meeting with the meeting, and implement the documents with the documents. The prevention work is a mere formality, and the fire prevention measures are not really implemented. The plan was not started in time according to the change of fire prevention situation, the forest protection personnel and inspection lookout personnel were not in place in time, and the field fire source management was full of loopholes.
3. The construction of comprehensive support capacity lags behind: the construction of fire prevention and fighting infrastructure is far from enough, which is mainly reflected in the lack of means of transportation, and the fire fighting equipment and communication means are relatively backward. The state requires that state-owned forestry bureaus and farms in key forestry counties should establish at least one professional or semi professional fire fighting team, but at present, most units have not been established.
4. The difficulty of field fire source management increases: the fire used in field production and life increases, the pressure of fire source management increases, and the climate conditions are extremely unfavorable. Forest fires are very easy to occur in spring and autumn, which makes it more difficult to manage field fire sources.
Administrative measures for forest fire prevention
1. Implement the administrative leadership responsibility system. The regulations on forest fire prevention promulgated by the State Council clearly stipulates that "the administrative leadership responsibility system of people's governments at all levels shall be implemented for forest fire prevention." "Competent forestry departments at all levels bear important responsibilities for forest fire prevention." Under the leadership of the local people's government, all units in the forest area should implement the leadership responsibility system of departments and units, formulate reward and punishment measures, sign certificates of responsibility at all levels and implement responsibilities.
2. Vigorously carrying out publicity and education on forest fire prevention is a social and mass work. It is related to thousands of families in the whole society and involves everyone. Only by vigorously carrying out publicity and education and improving the disaster prevention awareness of the whole society can we achieve good prevention and control results.
3. Field fire source management forest fire, except for a few natural fire sources such as lightning, most of them are caused by human factors, and all kinds of field fire sources are strictly managed. According to the actual situation of our province, we mainly do the following work:
(1) For the management of field production fire, the production fire shall be strictly controlled in the key period of forest fire prevention. All units or individuals that need fire for production must be approved by the local government or forest fire prevention office according to the specified authority, and strictly abide by the "six no burning" regulations, that is, the leaders do not burn in the field; Long drought without rain without burning; The wind above level 3 does not burn; The fire line does not burn if it is not opened properly; Fire fighting personnel do not burn if they are not well organized; Fire fighting tools are not ready to burn.
(2) There are two main situations for field domestic fire (including field water boiling, cooking, barbecue dry food and game fire). One is to assign a special person to be responsible for the fixed domestic fire that must be used by field production and operation personnel, select a safe place close to rivers and roads, and open a fire line near the grassland or forest before using the fire. After the fire is used, the residual fire must be cleaned up. After repeated inspection, it is confirmed that there is no possibility of re burning before leaving; Second, temporary field fire users who have organized and held mountain entry certificates shall also be handled according to the regulations on field fire use. During the fire prevention period (especially in high fire risk weather), unorganized individuals are strictly prohibited to use fire in the field of forest areas, and violators will be severely punished.
(3) Smoking is strictly prohibited in the forest area, and the public security department shall strictly punish those who are allowed to smoke in the wild. The public security department shall strictly punish those who cause fire accidents in the forest area according to the regulations. The public security department shall strictly investigate and punish those who are allowed to smoke in the wild. At the same time, strengthen the inspection of people entering the mountain, and do not carry fireworks into the mountain. For the production workers, mine survey and forest dispatching personnel who carry out production operations in the forest area, the method of centralized smoking can be adopted, a special person can be appointed to take charge, a safe place shall be selected, the cigarette butts shall be extinguished after smoking, and they can leave only after strict inspection.
(4) The management of fire sources of field machinery is mainly to control the fire sources of fire spraying and leakage of railway locomotives and tractors and cars in forest production and operation. It is required to install effective Mars net and fire cover in the fire prevention period. Railway locomotives shall strictly implement relevant fire prevention rules and regulations and designate the place for furnace cleaning; Specially assigned personnel shall be assigned to patrol the fire danger sections with large slope along the railway to prevent tile throwing and fire.
(5) The management of burning paper and fire in graves is mainly to organize publicity teams to carry out publicity and education on key festivals, such as Qingming Festival, and set up temporary checkpoints at the crossing to the cemetery to check whether there is any fire; A specially assigned person shall be organized to guard the places where the graves are concentrated. It is not allowed to burn paper in the graves during the fire prevention period.
(6) The management of natural fire sources mainly focuses on weather forecast. Where conditions permit, high-tech equipment can be selected to strengthen lightning detection. In seasons prone to thunderstorms and lightning strike areas, increase the patrol density and look out day and night to prevent the spread of lightning and fire.
(7) The management of children and fools playing with fire and making fire in the field is mainly to strengthen the education of parents, teachers and guardians, ask them to strictly discipline children and primary school students, take strict care of fools, and ensure that they do not make fire in the field during the fire prevention period by signing a guarantee.
(8) The management of foreign tourists should mainly strengthen publicity and education, set up eye-catching slogans prohibiting outdoor smoking and picnic at the mountain entrance and the intersection leading to the forest area, set up public smoking rooms in the scenic spot area and distribution center for centralized smoking, and announce the punishment regulations for outdoor smoking and fire during the fire prevention period.
(9) Strict precautions should also be taken against other sources such as hunting, shooting, blasting, high-voltage line falling off and accidental fire sources.
4. Control fire according to law. The imperfect legal system and the weak legal concept of grass-roots cadres and the masses are an important reason for the frequent occurrence of forest fires in China. In view of this problem, the state and local governments should pay attention to strengthening the construction of legal system and use legal means to prevent forest fires. The regulations on forest fire prevention and the measures for the implementation of forest fire prevention in Zhejiang Province have made clear and specific provisions on forest fire prevention. Zhejiang Provincial Public Security Department, Zhejiang Provincial Higher People's court and Zhejiang Provincial People's Procuratorate "notice on issues related to handling criminal cases of fire crime and fire liability accident" zggf [2001] No. 9 document stipulates relevant issues such as serious injury, death or heavy loss of public and other people's property caused by fire due to the negligence of the perpetrator.
1、 What is forest fire: any forest climate that is out of human control, spreads and expands freely in the forest land, and brings certain harm and loss to the forest, forest ecosystem and human beings is called forest fire.
2、 Types of forest fires: according to the burning position, nature and harm degree of forest fires, forest fires can be divided into three categories: surface fire, crown fire and underground fire.
1. Surface fire: the most common kind of forest fire refers to the fire that starts from the ground cover on the ground surface and the root system, young trees and the bark under the trunk near the ground and spreads along the ground surface.
2. Crown fire: refers to the surface fire that burns to the crown and expands downwind along the crown when it encounters strong wind or young coniferous trees, dead trees or low hanging branches.
3. Underground fire: underground fire is generally easy to occur in coniferous forest in dry season. Fire burns in forest root system, soil surface organic matter and peat layer, with slow spreading speed, high temperature, long duration and strong destructive power. After underground fire, the roots of trees and shrubs are burned and a large number of trees wither.
1、 It is forbidden to burn wasps and wild animals on the mountain.
2、 It is not allowed to throw cigarette butts and fire tails in the forest area.
3、 Don't burn ash and compost on the mountain.
4、 Don't burn charcoal on the mountain.
5、 It is not allowed to burn incense candles, paper money, firecracker bamboo and Kongming lamps on the mountain.
6、 It is not allowed to burn ridges, straw and straw in the forest beside the mountain.
7、 Don't play with fire or bake on the mountain to keep warm.
8、 It is not allowed to hunt with fire guns.
9、 No barbecue in the forest area.
10、 It is not allowed to enter the forest area for mountain refining in high fire weather above level 4.
4、 Basic principles of forest fire fighting: the basic principles of forest fire fighting are "fighting early, fighting small and fighting". Fighting early means putting out the fire in time; Beating a child means beating a person who has just happened; Hit means the thoroughness of putting out the fire. We should not only fight open fires, but also clean up dark fires and eliminate all residual fires.
5、 Twelve elements of fire fighting safety:
1. Disabled persons, pregnant women and children shall not be mobilized to directly participate in forest fire fighting.
2. Fire fighting team members must receive fire fighting safety training.
3. Abide by the fire discipline, obey the unified command and high dispatching, and it is strictly prohibited to act alone.
4. Maintain smooth communication at all times.
5. Fire fighting personnel shall be equipped with necessary equipment, such as helmets, fire clothes, fire gloves, fire boots and fire fighting tools.
6. Pay close attention to the weather changes at the fire site, especially the weather conditions during the high occurrence period of forest fire casualties in the afternoon.
7. Pay close attention to the types and flammability of combustibles in the fire site to avoid entering the flammable area.
8. Pay attention to the topographic conditions of the fire site. Firefighters are not allowed to enter the areas surrounded by mountains on three sides, saddle valleys, narrow Caotang ditches, narrow valleys and sunny hillsides to directly fight the fire.
9. When putting out forest fires, the fire avoidance safety zone and evacuation route shall be selected in advance to prevent accidents.
10. Once you fall into a dangerous environment, you should keep a clear mind and actively try to save yourself.
11. When putting out an underground fire, you must find out the scope of the fire site and mark it to avoid entering the fire area by mistake.
12. Fire fighting team members have great physical exertion. They should rest in time and maintain vigorous physical strength.
6、 What kind of punishment will the fire perpetrators be subject to: those who enter the forest area without authorization in violation of the regulations during the fire prevention period and use fire at will shall be fined. If the forest fire causes losses due to illegal use of fire, the criminal responsibility of the perpetrators shall be investigated according to law, and the competent leaders of the unit shall be investigated for administrative responsibility.