The climate on the high mountains is cold. If the surface of the snow layer does not melt or the melting is very weak, there is a lack of liquid water in the snow layer, and the snow particles are as loose as sand. When the snow layer becomes thicker and thicker and the slope is larger, the snow will flow. If there is a snow layer flowing, the surrounding snow layer will also flow together, and then the snow layer collapses and flows rapidly downhill. This is what we call avalanche. It can be said that the conditions of avalanche are slope, loose snow layer and inducing force.
The greater the slope and the looser the snow layer, the more prone to avalanches. The increasing thickness of the snow layer increases the pressure on the loose snow layer, which is an inducing force. However, when the pressure on the loose snow layer is about to trigger an avalanche and does not increase, small external forces can induce avalanche outbreaks, such as trampling by humans, animals, rocks, sound and vibration, etc. Under the critical condition of avalanche, people talking loudly or coughing can induce disaster. It can be seen that places prone to large avalanches are often places with steep hillsides and thick snow layers, but too steep hillsides often expose bedrock because they can't store snow.
Avalanche is a common ice and snow disaster in Alpine mountainous areas, which will harm people and animals in avalanche areas. However, due to the close relationship between avalanches and terrain, whether there is an avalanche in a mountainous area can be roughly judged according to the terrain conditions and snowfall, so as to take preventive and response measures to avoid losses.