Lightning and thunder are common weather phenomena in summer. Generally, before it rains, there will always be dark clouds in the sky, and there will be bright lightning in the distance. The following is why I integrate lightning and thunder in summer. Let's have a look. It must be helpful for you.
Why does summer often have thunder and lightning
When it rains, the clouds in the sky are either positive or negative. When the two clouds meet, they will emit lightning and a lot of heat at the same time, which will heat and expand the surrounding air. The air heated and expanded instantly will push the surrounding air, causing a strong explosive vibration. This is thunder.
Lightning is a strong discharge phenomenon between clouds, between clouds and the ground, or between various parts of the cloud body (generally occurring in cumulonimbus clouds). Generally, storm clouds (cumulonimbus clouds) generate electric charges, with negative electricity at the bottom and positive electricity at the top. In addition, positive charges are also generated on the ground, which follow the cloud like a shadow.
Positive and negative charges attract each other, but air is not a good conductor. Positive charges rush to the top of trees, hills, tall buildings and even the human body, trying to meet the clouds with negative charges; The negatively charged branched antennae extend downward, and the more they extend downward, the closer they are to the ground. Finally, the positive and negative charges are finally connected by overcoming the air barrier. A huge current surged from the ground to the clouds along a conducting airway, producing a bright and dazzling flash.
Lightning is a discharge phenomenon in Thunderstorm clouds. The formation of thunderstorm clouds generally has two conditions: sufficient water vapor and violent convective movement. In winter, due to the cold and dry air and weak solar radiation, convection is not easy to form in the air, so there are few lightning. But sometimes the high temperature in winter forms thunderstorm clouds, thunder and lightning, and rainy and snowy weather. Convection is particularly strong and can also form hail, which will produce the weather phenomenon of so-called "thunder in winter".
What should we pay attention to when lightning strikes thunder
1. Pay attention to closing doors and windows to prevent lightning from directly hitting the room or the invasion of side lightning and ball lightning
2. Don't stand under the electric light.
3. Try not to dial and answer mobile phones and landlines, or use telephone lines to surf the Internet.
4. Shower and solar water heater should not be used. Because the water pipe is connected with lightning protection grounding, lightning current can be conducted through water flow and cause casualties.
5. Keep away from exposed water pipes, gas pipes and other metal objects of the building.
6. Before the thunderstorm comes, disconnect the line and unplug the power plug. Don't let the TV and computer lead thunder into the room, damage the electrical appliances and even cause fire accidents.
7. The iron wire used for drying clothes and bedding shall not be pulled to the window and door, so as to prevent people from dying due to thunder caused by the iron wire.
8. When you go out in rainstorm, you'd better wear rubber shoes, which can play an insulating role.
9. When encountering thunder on the way, never put your head and hands out of the window.
Precautions for outdoor lightning protection
Lightning usually hits the spire of the tallest object outdoors, so isolated tall trees or buildings are often the most vulnerable to lightning. When people are working on lightning, they should abide by the following rules outdoors to ensure safety.
1. In thunderstorm weather, do not stay on high-rise platforms, mountaintops, ridges or the top of buildings (structures), and do not stay in small buildings without lightning protection facilities, garages, sheds, sentry boxes and nearby.
2. Keep away from exposed water pipes, gas pipes and other metal objects and electrical equipment.
3. It is not suitable to avoid thunderstorms under big trees. If it is absolutely necessary, keep at least 5m away from the trunk, squat down and close your legs.
4. If there is a sense of ants crawling away on the head, neck and hands and the hair is erect during the thunder and lightning, it indicates that lightning will occur. You should lie on the ground quickly, so as to reduce the risk of lightning, and take away the metal ornaments, hairpins, necklaces, etc.
5. If you encounter thunderstorms outdoors and have no time to leave tall objects, you should immediately find some dry insulation on the ground and sit on it with your feet closed. Do not put your feet on the ground other than the insulation, because water can conduct electricity.
6. When avoiding thunderstorms outdoors, you should pay attention not to support the ground with your hands, hold your knees with both hands, keep your chest close to your knees, and lower your head as much as possible, because your head is most vulnerable to lightning than other parts of your body.
7. When you hear thunder within a few seconds after seeing lightning outdoors, it indicates that you are in a dangerous environment near thunderstorm. At this time, you should stop walking, put your feet together and squat down immediately. Don't pull together with people. It's best to use plastic rain gear, raincoat, etc.
8. In thunderstorm weather, it is not suitable to hold an umbrella in the wilderness, or hold up a badminton racket, golf club, hoe, etc., so as to avoid increasing people's effective height and becoming a "tip" and being struck by lightning. It is not suitable for outdoor ball games. It is very dangerous to play football, basketball and other sports in thunderstorm weather; It is not suitable to stay on the water surface and water edge; It is not suitable to wash clothes, fish, swim and play by the river.
9. In thunderstorm weather, it is not suitable to drive a motorcycle quickly, ride a bicycle quickly and run wildly in the rain, because the larger the step of the body, the greater the voltage and the easier it is to hurt people.
10. If you see the high-voltage line broken by lightning outside, you should be vigilant at this time, because there is a step voltage near the breakpoint of the high-voltage line. People nearby should not run at this time, but should put their feet together and jump away from the scene.