Goiter is what we usually call a big neck. This happens to many people. What reason is goiter? Here are the reasons why I recommend goiter for you. I hope it can help you.
1. Iodine deficiency
Iodine is a necessary element for the synthesis of thyroid hormone. Due to the lack of iodine, the body cannot synthesize enough thyroid hormone. The feedback stimulates the increase of pituitary TSH. The increased TSH promotes thyroid hyperplasia and causes goiter. China is a country with serious iodine deficiency. The national policy of "iodized salt for all" is the most effective measure to prevent IDD.
2. Enzyme defect
Congenital or acquired defects of some enzymes in the synthesis of thyroid hormone can cause simple goiter, such as iodide transport enzyme defect, peroxidase defect, dehalogenation enzyme defect, iodine tyrosine coupling enzyme defect and so on.
3. Drugs
Iodide, fluoride, lithium salt, aminopyrine, aminoglutide, sulfonamides, butazone, amiodarone, sulfabutylurea, methimazole, propylthiouracil and other drugs can cause simple goiter. Through different mechanisms, these drugs interfere with or inhibit all links in the process of thyroid hormone synthesis, and finally affect thyroid hormone synthesis. The feedback causes the increase of TSH and leads to goiter.
4. Smoking
Smoking can cause goiter, because the inhalation contains sulfur-containing cyanate, which is a goiter causing substance. The serum thyroglobulin level of smokers is higher than that of non-smokers.
5. Genetic factors
Brix (1999) studied more than 5000 same-sex twins of monozygotic twins and dizygotic twins in non endemic goiter endemic areas. It was found that the genetic susceptibility of simple goiter accounted for 82%, and 18% was attributed to environmental factors. The results of this study are important evidence that sporadic goiter can be caused by genetic factors. At present, it is found that the genetic factors related to the pathogenesis of sporadic goiter are 14q, multinodular goiter gene-1, 3q26, Xp22, thyroglobulin gene and so on. Epidemiological data show that goiter often has familial aggregation.
1. What are the specific hazards of goiter? The thyroid regulates the metabolic functions of the patient's human body. When the patient's thyroid gland expands, it will compress the patient's adjacent tissues. Some patients with goiter can hardly be seen with the naked eye and need to touch to further find out. Some patients with goiter will make the patient feel a little vinegar in the neck, The goiter of severe patients is even shocking.
2. Generally speaking, one degree of goiter is invisible, but it can be felt. When the second degree of goiter, a lump can be clearly seen. When the third degree of goiter is significant, it can be seen. The condition is also severe. Generally, at this time, the swollen part of the patient will compress the patient's trachea, which will soften over time, and sometimes compress the patient's recurrent laryngeal nerve, Make the patient's voice hoarse. When pressing the patient's venous reflux, it will cause swelling of the patient's face.
Patients with goiter had better eat less or no spicy, fat, sweet, thick and greasy, barbecue, pickled and other foods. They usually eat regularly and quantitatively and take reasonable nutrition as the principle. Avoid alcohol, spicy, dry and hot, irritating food. Control high-fat diet and low fiber food. Try to eat less fried, smoked, roasted and pickled food. Drink more yogurt, mushroom soup, kelp soup and yellow croaker soup. This is a dietary nursing method for goiter.
Patients with goiter should avoid some hair products such as vegetables and food: peach, pear, soybean, cabbage, cabbage, rape, spinach, carrot, cassava, walnut, etc., because they may further suppress thyroid function and cause goiter. Patients should pay attention to rich nutrition, eat high calorie and digestible food, supply enough protein, eat more eggs, milk, meat, fish, etc., and pay attention to the complementarity of plant protein and animal protein.
During hypothyroidism, plasma cholesterol is discharged slowly, so the concentration of plasma cholesterol is very high. The intake of fat should be limited to reduce the concentration of plasma cholesterol. Avoid irritant foods such as tea, coffee, cigarettes and wine. Patients with goiter taking certain drugs, such as sulfonamides, butazone, p-aminosalicylic acid, thiourea, etc., can hinder thyroxine synthesis, so they should avoid eating or application.